In women who fail to ovulate because of a condition called polycystic ovarian syndrome, if oral medications fail to achieve ovulation, laparoscopic drilling of the ovaries may be done.  In polycystic ovaries, the ovaries are fully of tiny follicles with fluid in it.  A few of these fluid filled follicles are punctured using an instrument introduced through the laparoscope.  This causes reduced levels of hormones called androgens and subsequently there is restoration of normal ovulation.  In the adjacent picture, the white organ is the ovary. the few brown spots seen on it are made by the electrocautery .